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Satarzada N. Building lightness and its economic efficiency. JOTS 2024; 2 (4) :96-113
URL: http://jots.knu.edu.af/article-1-35-en.html

The present paper, which is a theoretical/analytical paper, examines and compares building lightweighting methods, especially 3D panel and brick systems, and emphasizes the importance of this issue in the field of reducing the weight of buildings and improving energy efficiency. Given the increasing need for sustainable and optimal construction, the 3D panel system is introduced as a modern and efficient option that is composed of lightweight and high-strength materials and can significantly reduce the dead load of the building and at the same time increase earthquake resistance. In contrast, brick, as a traditional material with its own characteristics, is still used in many areas due to its lower cost and easy availability. The comparative results show that the volumetric weight of brick is 1800 kg/m3, while the volumetric weight of 3D panel is only 200 kg/m3. Also, the cost of one cubic meter of brick is estimated at 529 Afghanis and the cost of a panel is estimated at 1087 Afghanis. The results show that 3D panels are a suitable option for modern projects due to their thermal insulation properties and faster construction, while brick can continue to be used in traditional construction due to its low cost and easy availability. This research helps engineers and architects to choose appropriate methods, not only to improve the quality of construction, but also to reduce costs and environmental impacts.